![]() Physical activities that last up to about thirty seconds rely primarily on the former, ATP-CP phosphagen system. The consequence of such rapid glucose breakdown is the formation of lactic acid (or more appropriately, its conjugate base lactate at biological pH levels). Anaerobic glycolysis exclusively uses glucose (and glycogen) as a fuel in the absence of oxygen, or more specifically when ATP is needed at rates that exceed those provided by aerobic metabolism. High energy phosphates are stored in limited quantities within muscle cells. The former is called alactic anaerobic and the latter lactic anaerobic system. high energy phosphates, adenosine triphosphate, and creatine phosphate and. ![]() The two types of anaerobic energy systems are: Therefore training for many sports demands that both energy-producing systems be developed. In sports that require repeated short bursts of exercise, however, the anaerobic system enables muscles to recover for the next burst. Activities such as walking, long slow runs, rowing, and cycling require a great deal of oxygen to generate the energy needed for prolonged exercise (i.e., aerobic energy expenditure). In contrast, aerobic exercise includes lower intensity activities performed for longer periods of time. Anaerobic energy expenditure is difficult to accurately quantify, although several reasonable methods to estimate the anaerobic component to exercise are available. High-intensity interval training, although based on aerobic exercises like running, cycling, and rowing, effectively becomes anaerobic when performed in excess of 90% maximum heart rate. Intense exercise lasting upwards of about four minutes (e.g., a mile race) may still have a considerable anaerobic energy expenditure component. Fast-twitch muscle (as compared to slow-twitch muscle) operates using anaerobic metabolic systems, such that any recruitment of fast-twitch muscle fibers leads to increased anaerobic energy expenditure. \)Īnaerobic metabolism, or anaerobic energy expenditure, is a natural part of whole-body metabolic energy expenditure.
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